Ikoranabuhanga |Nibihe bintu bifitanye isano na Polyurethane Flexible Foam

Ni ukubera iki hariho ubwoko bwinshi bwa polyurethane bworoshye kandi bukoreshwa cyane?Ibi biterwa nubwoko butandukanye bwibikoresho fatizo bibyara umusaruro, kuburyo imiterere yimyenda ihindagurika ya polyurethane yakozwe nayo itandukanye.Noneho, ibikoresho fatizo bikoreshwa muburyo bworoshye polyurethane ifuro Ni izihe ngaruka imiterere yibicuruzwa byarangiye igira?

1. Polyol polyol

Nkibikoresho byingenzi byokubyara polyurethane yoroheje, polyether polyol ikorana na isocyanate kugirango ikore urethane, aribwo skeleton reaction yibicuruzwa byinshi.Niba umubare wa polyether polyol wiyongereye, ubwinshi bwibindi bikoresho fatizo (isocyanate, amazi na catalizator, nibindi) biragabanuka, bikaba byoroshye gutera gucika cyangwa gusenyuka kwibicuruzwa bya polyurethane byoroshye.Niba ingano ya polyether polyol yagabanutse, ibicuruzwa bya polyurethane byoroshye byabonetse bizagorana kandi elastique izagabanuka, kandi kumva ukuboko bizaba bibi.

2. Umukozi wo kubira ifuro

Mubisanzwe, amazi gusa (imiti ifata imiti) akoreshwa nkumuti wifuro mugukora za polyurethane zifite ubucucike burenze 21g / cm3, naho ingingo zitetse nka methylene chloride (MC) zikoreshwa muburyo buke cyangwa ultra -Ibisobanuro byoroshye.Ibicuruzwa (ibintu bifatika bifatika) bikora nkibikoresho bifasha.

Nkumuti uhuha, amazi akora hamwe na isocyanate kugirango akore urea kandi arekure CO2 nubushyuhe bwinshi.Iyi reaction nigikorwa cyo kwagura urunigi.Amazi menshi, niko kugabanuka kwifuro ryinshi no gukomera.Mugihe kimwe, inkingi zingirabuzimafatizo ziba nto kandi zigacika intege, bigabanya ubushobozi bwo gutwara, kandi bikunda gusenyuka no gucika.Mubyongeyeho, ikoreshwa rya isocyanate ryiyongera, kandi ubushyuhe bwiyongera.Biroroshye gutera intoki.Niba ubwinshi bwamazi arenze ibice 5.0, hagomba kongerwamo imiti ifata ifuro kugirango ikure igice cyubushyuhe kandi irinde gutwikwa.Iyo amazi agabanutse, ingano ya catalizator iragabanuka, ariko ubucucike bwimyororokere ya polyurethane yabonetse bwiyongera.

ishusho

Ibikoresho bifasha bizagabanya ubwinshi nubukomezi bwa polyurethane byoroshye.Kubera ko umufasha uhuha akuramo igice cyubushyuhe bwa reaction mugihe cya gaze, igipimo cyo gukira kiratinda, bityo rero birakenewe kongera muburyo bukwiye bwa catalizator;icyarimwe, kubera ko gazi ikurura igice cyubushyuhe, hirindwa akaga ko gutwika intoki.

3. Toluene diisocyanate

Polyurethane yoroheje ifuro muri rusange ihitamo T80, ni ukuvuga imvange ya isomers ebyiri za 2,4-TDI na 2,6-TDI hamwe na (80 ± 2)% na (20 ± 2)%.

Iyo indangagaciro ya isocyanate ari ndende cyane, ubuso buzaba bufashe igihe kirekire, modulus yo kwikuramo umubiri wifuro iziyongera, imiterere y'urusobekerane rwinshi ruzaba ruto, selile ifunze iziyongera, umuvuduko wo kugabanuka uzagabanuka, kandi rimwe na rimwe ibicuruzwa bizacika.

Niba indangantego ya isocyanate iri hasi cyane, imbaraga za mashini hamwe no kwihanganira ifuro bizagabanuka, kuburyo ifuro ikunda guhura nibice byiza, amaherezo bizatera ikibazo cyo kudasubirwamo nabi muburyo bwo kubira ifuro;mubyongeyeho, niba indangantego ya isocyanate iri hasi cyane, izanakora Bizakora compression yo gushiraho ifuro ya polyurethane nini, kandi hejuru yifuro ikunda kumva itose.

4. Catalizator

1. Cataliste ya amine ya gatatu: A33 (igisubizo cya triethylenediamine hamwe nigice kinini cya 33%) ikoreshwa muri rusange, kandi umurimo wacyo ni uguteza imbere reaction ya isocyanate namazi, guhindura ubwinshi bwifuro nigipimo cyo gufungura ibibyimba, nibindi ., cyane cyane kugirango duteze imbere ifuro.

Niba ingano ya cataliste ya amine ari myinshi cyane, bizatera ibicuruzwa bya polyurethane gucamo ibice, kandi hazaba imyenge cyangwa ibibyimba mu ifuro;niba ingano ya cataliste ya amine ari ntoya cyane, ibivuyemo polyurethane bizagabanuka, ingirabuzimafatizo zifunze, kandi bizatuma ibicuruzwa byifuro hepfo.

2. Cataliste ya Organometallic: T-9 isanzwe ikoreshwa nka catalizike ya octoate;T-9 ni umusemburo wa gel hamwe nigikorwa kinini cya catalitiki, kandi umurimo wacyo nyamukuru ni uguteza imbere reaction, ni ukuvuga nyuma.

Niba ingano ya catalizike ya organotine yiyongereye muburyo bukwiye, ifuro ryiza rifunguye-selile polyurethane ifuro irashobora kuboneka.Kurushaho kongera ubwinshi bwa catalizator ya organotine bizatuma ifuro ikomera buhoro buhoro, bivamo kugabanuka no gufunga selile.

Kugabanya ingano ya cataliste ya amine cyangwa kongera umubare wa catalizator ya organotine birashobora kongera imbaraga zurukuta rwa firime ya polymer bubble mugihe habaye gaze nyinshi, bityo bikagabanya ibintu byo gutobora cyangwa guturika.

Niba ifuro ya polyurethane ifite uburyo bwiza bwo gufungura-gufunga cyangwa gufunga-selile biterwa ahanini n’uko umuvuduko wa geli wihuta hamwe n’umuvuduko wa gazi uringaniza mugihe cyo gukora ifuro rya polyurethane.Iyi mpirimbanyi irashobora kugerwaho muguhindura ubwoko nubunini bwa kaminuza ya amine catalizator catalizis hamwe na stabilisation ifuro hamwe nibindi bikoresho bifasha mugutegura.

Itangazo: Ingingo yavuzwe murihttps://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/JYKOaDmRNAXZEr1mO5rrPQ (ihuza).Gusa kubijyanye no gutumanaho no kwiga, ntugakore izindi ntego zubucuruzi, ntabwo uhagarariye ibitekerezo nibitekerezo byikigo, niba ukeneye gusubiramo, nyamuneka hamagara umwanditsi wambere, niba hari ihohoterwa, nyamuneka twandikire ako kanya kugirango dusibe gutunganya.