Ibintu bifite ubwinshi bwamatsinda ya hydroxyl byitwa spolol.Bashobora kandi kubamo ester, ether, amide, acrylic, ibyuma, metalloid nibindi bikorwa, hamwe nitsinda rya hydroxyl.Polyester polyole (PEP) igizwe na ester na hydroxylic matsinda mumugongo umwe.Mubisanzwe byateguwe nigikorwa cya kondegene hagati ya glycol, ni ukuvuga Ethylene glycol, 1,4-butane diol, 1,6-hexane diol na acide dicarboxylic / anhydride (alifatique cyangwa aromatic).Imiterere ya PU nayo iterwa nurwego rwo guhuza kimwe nuburemere bwa molekuline yo gutangira PEP.Mugihe PEP ifite amashami menshi itera PU ikaze hamwe nubushyuhe bwiza hamwe nubushakashatsi bwimiti, PEP idafite amashami itanga PU ihindagurika neza (kubushyuhe buke) hamwe no kurwanya imiti mike.Mu buryo nk'ubwo, uburemere buke bwa molekile butanga PU ikaze mugihe uburemere buke bwa molekile ndende ya polyole itanga PU yoroheje.Urugero rwiza rwibisanzwe PEP ni amavuta ya Castor.Andi mavuta yimboga (VO) muguhindura imiti nabyo bivamo PEP.PEP irashobora kwibasirwa na hydrolysis bitewe no kuba hari amatsinda ya ester, kandi ibi nabyo biganisha ku kwangirika kwimiterere yabakanishi.Iki kibazo gishobora kuneshwa hiyongereyeho karbodiimide nkeya.Polyether polyole (PETP) ntabwo ihenze kuruta PEP.Bikorerwa hiyongereyeho reaction ya Ethylene cyangwa propylene oxyde hamwe n'inzoga cyangwa amine itangira cyangwa abitangira imbere ya aside cyangwa catalizator.PU yatejwe imbere na PETP yerekana ubushyuhe bwinshi hamwe na Tg yo hasi, igabanya imikoreshereze yabo myinshi mumyenda no gusiga amarangi.Urundi rugero rwa polyol ni acrilated polyol (ACP) ikozwe na polymerisime yubusa ya hydroxyl ethyl acrylate / methacrylate hamwe nandi acrylic.ACP itanga PU hamwe nogutezimbere ubushyuhe bwumuriro kandi ikanatanga ibintu bisanzwe biranga acrylics kubisubizo bya PU.Izi PU zisanga porogaramu nkibikoresho byo gutwikira.Polyol irahindurwa kandi hamwe nu munyu wicyuma (urugero, acetate yicyuma, karubasi, chloride) ikora ibyuma birimo polyoli cyangwa polyide ya Hybrid (MHP).PU yakuye muri MHP yerekana ubushyuhe bwiza bwumuriro, gloss hamwe nimyitwarire irwanya mikorobe.Ubuvanganzo butanga ingero nyinshi za VO zishingiye kuri PEP, PETP, ACP, MHP zikoreshwa nkibikoresho byo gutwikira PU.Urundi rugero ni VO ikomoka kuri fatide amide diol na polyole (byasobanuwe muburyo burambuye mugice cya 20 Amavuta yimbuto ashingiye kuri polyurethanes: ubushishozi), byabaye ibikoresho byiza byo gutangiza iterambere rya PU.Izi PU zerekanye ituze ryiza ryumuriro hamwe na hydrolytique irwanya bitewe nuko habaho amide mumatsinda ya diol cyangwa polyol umugongo.

Itangazo: Ingingo yavuzwe muriIntangiriro kuri Chimie ya PolyurethaneFelipe M. de Souza, 1 Pawan K. Kahol, 2 na Ram K.Gupta *, 1.Gusa kubijyanye no gutumanaho no kwiga, ntugakore izindi ntego zubucuruzi, ntabwo uhagarariye ibitekerezo nibitekerezo byikigo, niba ukeneye gusubiramo, nyamuneka hamagara umwanditsi wambere, niba hari ihohoterwa, nyamuneka twandikire ako kanya kugirango dusibe gutunganya.